Modern
History of India for UPSC Examination
Hello dear reader, we are going to share modern history classes for UPSC, SSC, and other competitive
examinations. We are sharing a major point related to the Modern History of India.
Students who
are preparing for the UPSC, SSC Examination must watch this video tutorial
series. This is the first post in which we are sharing the first 3 lectures
related to the Modern History of India.
The Modern History of India Lecture Number: 1
The modern history of India Lecture Number: 2
The Modern History of India Lecture Number 3
Complete Explanation About ANGLO-MYSORE WARS in Modern History of
India
MYSORE’S WODEYAR DYNASTY
•
The Vijayanagara Empire disintegrated in 1565.
The power vacuum created after that was exploited by Raja Wadiyar (ruled
1578–1617). Raja Wadiyar expanded the borders of Mysore kingdom and in 1610 he changed
the capital city from Mysore to Srirangapatna; which is a rare island formed by
the river Kaveri, which provided natural protection against military
attacks.
RISE OF HAIDER ALI
•
He was the fifth child of Fath Muhammad's. Haider Ali After
serving for a number of years under the rulers of Arcot came
to Seringapatam, where Hyder's uncle served.
•
Devaraja ,the dalwai of Krishnaraja
Wodeyar II (military leader, chief minister, and virtual ruler)and his brother
Nanjaraja, who also held an important minister was introduced by Haider Ali.
•
In the year 1758 Hyder Ali
successfully forced the Marathas to lift a siege of Bangalore.
•
The young raja Krishnaraja
rewarded Haider Ali’s performance by granting him the title Fath Hyder
Bahadur or Nawab Hyder Ali Khan.
•
Later Hyder Ali assumed
control of Mysore after overthrowing Khande Rao in 1761.
•
Hyder Ali established Arms the factory at Dindigul(T.N.) with the help of French.
FIRST ANGLO - MYSORE WAR (1767-1769)
v CAUSES OF THE WAR
•
Hyder Ali built a strong army and
annexed many regions in the South including Canara, Sera, Bidnur, Malabar and
Sunda
•
Hyder Ali also took French
support to training his army. This also alarmed the British.
v COURSE OF THE WAR
•
The Britishers, along with the
Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad declared war on Mysore.
•
But later Hyder Ali was able
to bring the Marathas and the Nizam to his side with skillful diplomacy.
•
He also paid money to the
Marathas to turn them neutral.
•
Haidar Ali changed his
strategy and suddenly appeared before the gates of Madras.
v RESULT OF THE WAR
•
English was forced to conclude
a very humiliating treaty with Haidar Ali on April 4, 1769, which is called
Treaty of Madras.
•
And The conquered territories
were restored.
•
It was agreed that they would
help each other in case of a foreign attack.
SECOND ANGLO – MYSORE WAR (1780-1784)
v CAUSES OF THE WAR
•
When Marathas attacked Mysore in 1771. The British
refused to honour the Treaty of Madras signed in 1769 and did not give support
to Hyder Ali.
•
So He had to buy peace with
the Marathas for a sum of Rs.36 lakh.
•
When English attacked Mahe, a
French possession under Hyder Ali’s dominion, he declared war on the English in
1780.
v COURSE OF THE WAR
•
Hyder Ali forged a strong alliance
with the Nizam and the Marathas and defeated the British forces in Arcot.
•
Hyder Ali later died of cancer
in 1782 and the war was continued by his son Tipu Sultan.
•
Sir Eyre Coote, who had
defeated Hyder Ali many times, ended the war inconclusively with the Treaty of
Mangalore.
v RESULT OF THE WAR
•
According to Treaty of
Mangalore (11 March, 1784), both parties agreed to return the captured territories
and prisoners to each other.
THIRD ANGLO – MYSORE WAR (1789-1792)
v CAUSES OF THE WAR
•
The British now started
improving their relationship with the Nizam of Hyderabad and the Marathas.
•
Then Tipu Sultan also got
French help in bettering his military resources.
•
Tipu Sultan also refused to
free the English prisoners taken during the second Anglo-Mysore war as per the
Treaty of Mangalore.
v COURSE OF THE WAR
•
Tipu Sultan declared war on
Travancore in 1789. Travancore was a friendly state of the Britishers. So Lord
Cornwallis declared war on Tipu Sultan.
•
Tipu Sultan was defeated in
the first phase of the war so his forces had to retreat.
•
Later the English advanced
towards Tipu Sultan’s capital of Seringapatam and Tipu Sultan had to bargain
for peace.
v RESULT OF THE WAR
•
This war ended with the Treaty
of Seringapatam in 1792.
•
According to the treaty, Tipu had to cede half of his kingdom
to the English including the areas of Dindigul, Malabar, Coorg, and Baramahal.
•
He had to pay Rs.3 Crore as war
indemnity to the Britishers.
•
Tipu Sultan also had to
surrender two of his sons as surety to the British till he paid his due.
FOURTH ANGLO – MYSORE WAR (1799)
v CAUSES OF THE WAR
•
Tipu Sultan refused to accept
the Subsidiary Alliance has given by Lord Wellesley.
v COURSE OF THE WAR
•
The Marathas and the Nizam
invaded Tipu Sultan from the North.
•
The Britishers secured the decisive victory at the Battle of Seringapatam in 1799.
•
Tipu Sultan died while
defending the city.
v RESULT OF THE WAR
•
The main area around Seringapatam
and Mysore was restored to the Wodeyar dynasty.
•
Mysore entered into a
Subsidiary Alliance with the Britishers and a Britisher's resident was placed at
the Mysore Court.
•
The Kingdom of Mysore now remained
a princely state not directly under the British until 1947 when it chose to
join the Indian Union.
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